Egypt has a long history in industry.. The beginning of the renaissance was at the hands of Muhammad Ali, then Talaat Harb and Gamal Abdel Nasser.. Cement, fertilizers, chemicals, iron and auto spare parts are the most prominent industries.. El-Sisi saves the textile sector with 25 billion pounds

Industry plays an important role in the advancement and growth of nations, and many countries have succeeded in conquering other countries with industry, especially in light of the huge technological leaps witnessed by the world.

Historically, Egypt was one of the oldest civilizations that used metals in industry, which developed after that and witnessed a true renaissance at the hands of Muhammad Ali Pasha, then completed by Talaat Harb Pasha and leader Gamal Abdel Nasser.

 The industrial sector contributes an annual growth rate exceeding 17%, in addition to the ability of this sector to provide a sustainable source of foreign exchange for the state, in addition to the sector’s potential to achieve added value for the national economy, as well as its interconnectedness with other productive sectors.

 The government is counting on this sector to achieve a remarkable development boom during the coming period, as it is one of the high-production, fast-growing sectors. The relative weight of the industrial sector in growth currently stands at about 15%, and it is targeted for this sector to contribute to achieving 20% of growth in the fiscal year 2018/2019, so that the contribution will gradually increase in light of the improvement in the growth rate of the industrial sector.

 Industry in Egypt is diverse and distinguished at the level of the Arab region, starting with the spinning, weaving, clothing, food, and auto and vehicle spare parts industries, extending to the aluminum, iron, steel, and pharmaceutical industries.

 According to the announced figures, the automotive assembly and manufacturing sector in Egypt contributes up to 20% of the Egyptian economy and its annual growth rate, which reached 7.8% last year, exceeds the growth rate of the entire economy, according to the Federation of Industries.

The industrial sector also leads the sectoral contributions with about $50 billion in terms of the value of the contribution to the gross domestic product, while the private sector contributes 81% to the total industrial sector activity and the government sector 19%.

 The volume of Egyptian exports, which originate from the industrial sector, amounted to 26.11 billion dollars in 2014, of which 12.5 billion dollars were fuel and mineral oil products and 2.8 billion dollars were fully manufactured goods.

Egypt ranks first in the region in the fertilizer and cement industry, which reaches about 83 million tons annually, in addition to Egypt owning the largest aluminum complex in the Middle East and Africa, which is the Nag Hammadi complex, which exported with about 8 billion pounds last year.

 A long history of iron and steel industry
The iron and steel industry in Egypt began in the 1940s with private companies with the aim of exploiting scrap from the remnants of World War II by melting it in furnaces that operate with liquid fuel, then manually pouring it into molds and rolling it into reinforcing steel. This was done by the Delta, National and Copper companies. Which later witnessed successive development with the introduction of electric arc melting furnaces and continuous casting units.

 In the late fifties, the first integrated factory was established in Helwan using blast furnace technology and equipment from Germany to smelt iron ores extracted from Aswan (low quality and high impurities) with imported coke into liquid cast iron, then manually cast and operated into final steel products. The company witnessed many stages of addition and development, the most important of which was the establishment of the steel complex, which began production in 1972 using the same blast furnace technology with Russian equipment, with a production capacity of one million tons per year of all longitudinal and flat steel shapes.

 In the early eighties, another company was established in Dekheila, Alexandria, in partnership with Japan, relying on a new technology to produce steel by reducing high-quality imported iron ores using natural gas (instead of coal) and converting them into sponge iron (with an iron content of >90%), then melting them in electric furnaces, casting them and shaping them into final products. The company began production in 1986 with a design capacity of 800,000 tons of reinforcing steel. The company then witnessed many steps and stages of development by adding…